How should data be used to decide on changes to an IEP?

• A. Data are optional and rarely used.
• B. Data should be used to justify keeping the current plan regardless of progress.
• C. Data should be interpreted by the family rather than the team.
• D. Data should guide decisions about adjusting goals, services, or placements to better support progress.

Answer: (D)

Using data to guide decisions about an IEP means looking at ongoing progress and evidence from multiple sources to decide what needs to change. Regular progress data show whether current goals are being met and whether the services, supports, or placement are helping the student move forward. If the data show solid progress, the team can continue or adjust goals to build on that momentum; if progress is lacking, it signals a need to revise goals, adjust services or frequency, or consider a different setting to better support learning. Decisions like these are made through collaboration with the family and professionals, using several data points over time rather than a single observation. Data are not optional or used only to defend keeping the plan; they drive changes to better support the student’s growth.