IDEA recognizes how many major disability categories?

• A. 11
• B. 13
• C. 10
• D. 12

Answer: (B)

IDEA recognizes thirteen distinct disability categories that can qualify a student for special education and related services. These are autism, deaf-blindness, deafness, emotional disturbance, hearing impairment, intellectual disability, multiple disabilities, orthopedic impairment, other health impairment, specific learning disability, speech or language impairment, traumatic brain injury, and visual impairment including blindness. Knowing the full list helps ensure the IEP team evaluates eligibility under the correct category and arranges appropriate supports and services. While a student’s needs can span more than one category, each category has its own criteria and implications for services.