What is a Functional Behavior Assessment (FBA) and its goal?

• A. A systematic process to determine the function of a behavior to inform a Behavior Intervention Plan.
• B. A method for evaluating academic achievement.
• C. An assessment of a student's IQ.
• D. A plan for classroom management that ignores data.

Answer: (A)

A Functional Behavior Assessment is a systematic process to determine the function of a behavior to inform a Behavior Intervention Plan. It involves clearly defining the behavior, gathering data through observation and records, and examining what happens before and after the behavior to identify the likely purpose or function it serves for the student. The goal is to uncover why the behavior occurs—such as to gain attention, escape or avoid a task, obtain a preferred item or activity, or satisfy sensory needs—and then use that information to design an effective intervention. This often leads to teaching a replacement, more appropriate behavior and adjusting the environment or supports to reduce the problematic behavior. The other options don’t fit because they describe unrelated assessments or plans that don’t focus on identifying the function of the behavior or informing a data-driven intervention.