What is functional communication training and for which students is it most relevant?

• A. Teaches abstract linguistic theory.
• B. Is only for students with autism.
• C. Teaches practical communication using functional needs; relevant for nonverbal students or those with severe communication challenges.
• D. Focuses on improving handwriting skills.

Answer: (C)

Functional communication training focuses on teaching students practical ways to communicate to meet real needs, so they can get what they want or needs met without using challenging behaviors. The idea is to identify what a student is trying to accomplish with a behavior (for example, getting a preferred item, a break, or help) and then teach a clear, appropriate way to request that outcome. This often involves tools like sign language, picture cards, simple speech, or communication devices, and it relies on reinforcing the student when they use the new form of communication.

This approach is most relevant for students who cannot meet their needs through typical spoken language or who have significant communication barriers, including many nonverbal learners and those with severe communication challenges. While it’s commonly used with students on the autism spectrum, it’s not limited to that group. It’s not about abstract language theory, nor is it about handwriting skills.